Torism
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The Republic of the Sudan is regarded as the largest state and rich in wildlife, birds and Nile natural scenery in Africa which attract more tourists. Its climate is characterized by varied climatic conditions which are moderate all the year round in Red Sea area especially in the highlands such as Erkwiet Summer Resort. |
The Nile is the longest river in the world (6,671)km more than 400 miles runs through the country from south to north giving life to missions of people
Museums:
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1. Sudan National Museum: lies on the Nile Avenue in Khartoum overlooking the confluence of the White Nile and the Blue Nile at Al-Mugran area. It was built in 1955. Visitors to the Museum find the relics of the various civilizations of Sudan from the First Stone Age to the era of the Al Saltana Al-Zarqa’ “black sultanate”. 2. The Ethnography Museum: located on Al-Gama’a street in Khartoum. It was established in 1932 and it gives an idea of country life, economy and people. |
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3. Al-Khalifa House Museum: located in Omdurman near Al-Mahdi’s tomb. It was established in 1928 and contains relics of the Mahdist period, Sultan Ali Dinar and Gordon Pasha when he was governor of Sudan.
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4. Sheikan Museum: build in Al-Obeid town in Kordofan and was opened in November 1965. Its name is from Sheikan V alley, the site of a battle between Al-Mahdi’s forces and hicks Pasha army in 1883. The battle was won by Mahdi forces. The museum reflects relics dating back to the Mahdist era and it contains some ethnographical collections. 5. Sultan Ali Dinar Palace Museum in Al-Fashir: It was once a palace of residence for the Sultan as well as his government office. When he died, the palace went into the hands of Al-Fashir governor and was made the house of the commissioner till 19771. It was then transferred to the National Corporation |
for antiquities and Museum.
It exhibits antiquities collections representing various historical periods in Sudan as well as the materials used by the Sultan and members of his family.
HOTELS:
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Sudan Airways, Air France, British Airways, Egypt Air, Gulf Air, Kenyan/KLM, Lufthansa, Saudi, Syrian, Ethiopia and Yemen.
The Pyramids of Meroë
On the way from Khartoum to Port Sudan, about 200 km north-east of Khartoum, near Bagrawiya, the traveller passes by the area of the ancient Meroë, where he can find a group of a few dozens of pyramids spread over a small hill about one quarter square kilometer in size. The pyramids, much smaller than their well-known counterparts in Egypt, are the remains of a royal cemetery from the Meroitic kingdom (between 300 B.C. and 300 A.D.).
Ancient approach
The region of the Nile Valley which lies in the northern part of the present Sudan, has been influenced by the Egyptian civilization since the time of the Egyptian Kingdom. This influence grew stronger during the occupation by Egypt in the period of the Middle Kingdom and reached its summit after the Egyptians conquered the whole region up to the 4th Nile Cataract.
The Egyptian colonization lasted for almost five centuries and came to an end when in the twelfth century B.C. the Egyptian Empire fell into pieces.
4oo years later it were the kings of Napata in northern Sudan who ruled the Nile Valley from the Blue Nile down to the Delta. They revived the burial customs of the pyramid many centuries after the Pharaos had stopped building them and employed Egyptian artists in their architectural works. While the Napatan kingdom had to give up Egypt in 661 B.C. and subsequently the Egyptian influence started to decline, the burial traditions still survived and, after the the transfer of the kingship to the Meroitic line in the third century B.C., were taken over by the kings of Meroë.
Present approach
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Excavations at Bagrawiya started in the 19th century, when the Europeans made their first archaeological expeditions into Nubia. When the British took control over Sudan in its new boundaries, part of the treasury had already been brought to Paris, Munich and Berlin. As most of the remains was left unprotected at that time, it experienced severe damage by the steady action of winds and dust storms over the decades of this century. Today the most urgent preservation work is done by a small group of specialists under the leading of F.W.Hinkel, a German Architect and Archaeologist, supported by the Sudanese government and some international aid. |
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Related links:
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Sudan Archaeological Society in Berlin, focussing its work on the site of Musawwarat As-Sufra. Ancient Nubia, an exhibition. Ancient Kingdoms in Sudan, an exhibition (in German).
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